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    N-Body Simulation Calculator Number of Bodies: 3 Time Step (days): Duration (years): Start Simulation Sun + Earth Earth + Moon Figure-8 Random 5 Reset Time: 0 years Steps: 0 Energy Error: 0% Status: Ready * Uses Euler integration with G = 4π² (AU³/yr²). Trails show 1000 steps. Red = unstable. About the N-Body […]

    Celestial Mechanics Calculator Calculation Mode: Orbital Period from DistanceSemi-Major Axis from PeriodOrbital VelocityEscape VelocityVis-Viva Equation Input 1: Input 2: Central Body: SunEarthMoonMarsJupiterCustom (enter GM) GM (km³/s²): Calculate * Based on Kepler’s 3rd Law and Newton’s gravity. Uses standard gravitational parameters from NASA JPL. Valid for circular and elliptical orbits. About the Celestial Mechanics

    Angular Diameter Calculator Actual Size (diameter): kilometers (km)meters (m)astronomical units (AU)light-years (ly)parsecs (pc)Earth diametersJupiter diameters Distance to Object: kilometers (km)meters (m)astronomical units (AU)light-years (ly)parsecs (pc) Calculate Angular Diameter * Based on small-angle approximation: δ ≈ D/d (radians). Valid for δ < 10°. Exact formula used for larger angles. About the Angular Diameter Calculator

    Cosmic Distance Calculator Distance Method: Parallax (mas)Cepheid Period-Luminosity (days, mag)Tully-Fisher (km/s, mag)Type Ia Supernova (mag, mag)Redshift (z, H₀)CMB Angular Size (θ, Ω_m, H₀) Input 1: Input 2: Calculate Distance * Based on peer-reviewed astronomical methods: Riess et al. (2022), Freedman et al. (2021), Planck Collaboration (2020). H₀ = 67.4 km/s/Mpc default. About the

    Dark Matter Calculator Dark Matter Profile: NFW (Navarro-Frenk-White)EinastoIsothermal (Cored) Circular Velocity at r₂₀₀ (km/s): Virial Radius r₂₀₀ (kpc): Concentration c = r₂₀₀/rₛ: Redshift z: Hubble Constant h: Calculate Dark Matter Halo * Based on Navarro et al. (1996), Springel et al. (2008), and Planck 2018 cosmology. About the Dark Matter Calculator The Dark

    Galactic Rotation Calculator Dark Matter Halo Model: NFW (Navarro-Frenk-White)Isothermal SphereFlat Rotation Curve Flat Rotation Velocity v₀ (km/s): Scale Radius rₛ (kpc): Virial Radius r₂₀₀ (kpc): Baryonic Disk Mass Mₔ (10¹⁰ M⊙): Disk Scale Length R_d (kpc): Calculate Rotation Curve * Based on Navarro et al. (1996), Binney & Tremaine (2008), and Milky Way

    Oort Cloud Calculator Semi-Major Axis a (AU): Eccentricity e: Inclination i (degrees): Comet Mass (kg): Comet Radius R (km): Time in Oort Cloud (Gyr): Calculate Oort Cloud Comet * Based on Heisler & Tremaine (1986), Dones et al. (2004), and galactic tide models. About the Oort Cloud Calculator The Oort Cloud Calculator is

    Kuiper Belt Calculator Semi-Major Axis a (AU): Eccentricity e: Inclination i (degrees): Estimated Mass (kg): Radius R (km): Albedo (0–1): Calculate Kuiper Belt Object * Based on Gladman et al. (2008), Lykawka & Mukai (2007), and TNO classification schemes. About the Kuiper Belt Calculator The Kuiper Belt Calculator is a scientifically accurate tool

    Cometary Orbit Calculator Perihelion Distance q (AU): Eccentricity e: Inclination i (degrees): Argument of Perihelion ω (degrees): Longitude of Ascending Node Ω (degrees): Epoch (MJD): Calculate Cometary Orbit * Based on Kepler’s laws, vis-viva equation, and two-body orbital mechanics (Murray & Dermott, 1999). About the Cometary Orbit Calculator The Cometary Orbit Calculator is

    Meteor Trajectory Calculator Entry Velocity v (km/s): Entry Angle θ (degrees from vertical): Initial Mass m₀ (kg): Density ρ (kg/m³): Entry Height h₀ (km): Ablation Coefficient σ (s²/km²): Calculate Trajectory * Based on Bronshten (1983), Ceplecha (1998), and meteoroid ablation models. About the Meteor Trajectory Calculator The Meteor Trajectory Calculator is a precision